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Servery nms

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Obecné informace

NMS je Network monitoring system. Hlavním cílem tohoto serveru je, monitorování dostupnosti a performance veškerého provozu na Strahově.


Cíle

  • performance a alarm monitoring serveru a sitovych prvku

Cílem je prozkoumat, zda je dany spravovaný server aktivní, pokud aktivní je, je vše v pořádku, v opačném případě zašle systém e-mail správci, zástupci a technickému manažerovi. Systém dále zašle SMS správci a jeho zástupci o nekativitě PC.

Monitorované platformy

Switche a routre

  • Cisco Catalyst 6509
  • Cisco 3750
  • Cisco 2950
  • Cisco 2960
  • Cisco Air Ap 1242AG-E-K9

Servery

  • HP Proliant 145 G2
  • HP Proliant DL380 G5
  • Různe x86a x64 servery
  • Dell ???

Jina zarizeni

  • KVM
  • APC Symmetra LX 16kVA

Operacni systemy

  • Debian GNU Linux Lenny
  • Debian GNU Linux 4.0 Etch
  • Debian GNU Linux 3.1 Sarge
  • FreeBSD 6.3
  • Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Standart x64
  • Microsoft Windows Server 2008

Komunikační protokoly vyuzivany k monitoringu

  • ICMP (ping)
  • SNMP (161/UDP)
  • SYSLOG (514/UDP)
  • ZABBIX AGENT (10050/TCP)
  • ZABBIX TRAP (10051/TCP)

Alarm monitoring

Dostupnost sítovych zarizeni

  • Monitorovaní stavu portů u jednotlivých propojů na páteři a blocích pomocí syslog správ nebo SNMP trapů
  • Monitorování dostupnosti síťových prvkú pomocí ICMP pingu
  • Seznam síťových prvků a monitorovaných interfaců:[xls]

Dostupnost serverů

  • Dostupnost serverů se ověřuje pomoci ICMP pingu.
  • Seznam monitorovaných serverů: [xls]

Dostupnost služeb

  • Monitorování dostupnosti TCP/UDP služeb je zabezpečen pomocí požadavků na daný TCP/UDP port a kontrolou bežíciho procesu
  • Seznam ověřovaných služeb: [xls]

Performance monitoring

  • Zátež CPU (load)
  • Vyuziti pameti
  • Mereni teplot
  • Chybovost sitovych interfacu
  • Stav baterie APC

Severity

  • Information
  • Warning
  • Average
  • High
  • Disaster

Default triggers

Linux servers

| width="322" height="14" align="LEFT" | Name | width="267" align="LEFT" | Expression | width="67" align="LEFT" | Severity |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | /etc/inetd.conf has been changed on server $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.file.cksum[/etc/inetd.conf].diff(0)}>0 | align="LEFT" | Warning |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | /etc/passwd has been changed on server $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.file.cksum[/etc/passwd].diff(0)}>0 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | /etc/services has been changed on server $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.file.cksum[/etc/services].diff(0)}>0 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | /usr/bin/ssh has been changed on server $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.file.cksum[/usr/bin/ssh].diff(0)}>0 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | /usr/sbin/sshd has been changed on server $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.file.cksum[/usr/sbin/sshd].diff(0)}>0 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | /vmlinuz has been changed on server $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.file.cksum[/vmlinuz].diff(0)}>0 | align="LEFT" | Warning |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Apache is not running on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:proc.num[httpd].last(0)}<1 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Configured max number of opened files is too low on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:kernel.maxfiles.last(0)}<512 | align="LEFT" | Information |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Configured max number of processes is too low on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:kernel.maxproc.last(0)}<256 | align="LEFT" | Information |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Email (SMTP) server is down on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:net.tcp.service[smtp].last(0)}=0 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | FTP server is down on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:net.tcp.service[ftp].last(0)}=0 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Host information was changed on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:system.uname.diff(0)}>0 | align="LEFT" | Information |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Hostname was changed on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:system.hostname.diff(0)}>0 | align="LEFT" | Information |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | IMAP server is down on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:net.tcp.service[imap].last(0)}=0 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Inetd is not running on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:proc.num[inetd].last(0)}<1 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Lack of free memory on server $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:vm.memory.size[free].last(0)}<10000 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Lack of free swap space on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:system.swap.size[,free].last(0)}<100000 | align="LEFT" | High |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Low free disk space on $server volume / | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.fs.size[/,pfree].last(0)}<10 | align="LEFT" | High |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Low free disk space on $server volume /home | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.fs.size[/home,pfree].last(0)}<10 | align="LEFT" | High |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Low free disk space on $server volume /opt | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.fs.size[/opt,pfree].last(0)}<10 | align="LEFT" | High |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Low free disk space on $server volume /tmp | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.fs.size[/tmp,pfree].last(0)}<10 | align="LEFT" | High |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Low free disk space on $server volume /usr | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.fs.size[/usr,pfree].last(0)}<10 | align="LEFT" | High |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Low free disk space on $server volume /var | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.fs.size[/var,pfree].last(0)}<10 | align="LEFT" | High |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Low number of free inodes on $server volume / | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.fs.inode[/,pfree].last(0)}<10 | align="LEFT" | High |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Low number of free inodes on $server volume /home | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.fs.inode[/home,pfree].last(0)}<10 | align="LEFT" | High |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Low number of free inodes on $server volume /opt | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.fs.inode[/opt,pfree].last(0)}<10 | align="LEFT" | High |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Low number of free inodes on $server volume /tmp | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.fs.inode[/tmp,pfree].last(0)}<10 | align="LEFT" | High |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Low number of free inodes on $server volume /usr | align="LEFT" | {$server:vfs.fs.inode[/usr,pfree].last(0)}<10 | align="LEFT" | High |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Mysql is not running on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:proc.num[mysqld].last(0)}<1 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | News (NNTP) server is down on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:net.tcp.service[nntp].last(0)}=0 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | POP3 server is down on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:net.tcp.service[pop].last(0)}=0 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Processor load is too high on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:system.cpu.load[,avg1].last(0)}>5 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Server $server is unreachable | align="LEFT" | {$server:status.last(0)}=2 | align="LEFT" | High |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | SSH server is down on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:net.tcp.service[ssh].last(0)}=0 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Sshd is not running on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:proc.num[sshd].last(0)}<1 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Syslogd is not running on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:proc.num[syslogd].last(0)}<1 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Too many processes on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:proc.num[].last(0)}>300 | align="LEFT" | High |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Too many processes running on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:proc.num[,,run].last(0)}>10 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Too may users connected on server $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:system.users.num.last(0)}>50 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Version of zabbix_agent(d) was changed on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:agent.version.diff(0)}>0 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | WEB (HTTP) server is down on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:net.tcp.service[http].last(0)}=0 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Zabbix_agentd is not running on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:proc.num[zabbix_agentd].last(0)}<1 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | Zabbix_server is not running on $server | align="LEFT" | {$server:proc.num[zabbix_server].last(0)}<1 | align="LEFT" | Average |- | height="14" align="LEFT" | $server has just been restarted | align="LEFT" | {$server:system.uptime.last(0)}<600 | align="LEFT" | Information |

Notifikace

Notifikace sou rozesílane emailem pres smtp server service.sh.cvut.cz na adresu $server@sh.cvut.cz a přez GSM modul formou SMS (zatim neimplementovano).

Format email notifikace 

Head>To:		$HOSTALIAS@sh.cvut.cz
Head>From:		nms@sh.cvut.cz
Head>Subject:	$HOSTALIAS - $ALARMTYPE
Body>Notification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$
Body>Host: $HOSTALIAS$
Body>State: $HOSTSTATE$ for $HOSTDURATION$
Body>Alarmtype: $ALARMTYPE
Body>Address: $HOSTADDRESS$
Body>Info: $HOSTOUTPUT$
Body>Date/Time: $LONGDATETIME$
Body>ACK by: $HOSTACKAUTHOR$
Body>Comment: $HOSTACKCOMMENT$
Body>Severity: $SEVERITY

Format SMS notifikace

  • Maximálně 160 znaků. 
Head>To:		$ADMIN_NUMBER
Head>From:		$NMS_NUMBER

Body>Host: $HOSTALIAS
Body>State: $HOSTSTATE$ for $HOSTDURATION$
Body>Date/Time: $LONGDATETIME$
Body>Alarmtype: $ALARMTYPE
Body>Severity: $SEVERITY

Informace o serveru nms.sh.cvut.cz

  • Operační systém : Debian Linux Lenny
  • Hardware : Dell Power Edge
  • Správce : James
  • Zabbixadmin : Netopier

Software

  • zabbix 1.4.2 - activity and performance monitoring
  • cacti 0.7.8c - monitoring sitoveho provozu na portech cisco routru

Hostované služby

  • monitoring serverů

Administrátorský (root) přístup na server 

Římek Jakub - správce serveru
Leonov Alexander - zabbix admin

Ruzne navody

Nastaveni zabbix agenta

/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agent.conf 

Server=147.32.127.234
Timeout=3

/etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf 

Server=147.32.127.234
ServerPort=10051
Hostname=$hostname_serveru.sh.cvut.cz
ListenPort=10050
ListenIP=$ipadresa_serveru
StartAgents=5
Timeout=3

Nastaveni cisco routru

Global settings: 

logging 147.32.127.234
snmp-server enable traps
snmp-server enable authentication
snmp-server enable linkdown linkup
snmp-server enable coldstart warmstart
snmp-server enable traps chassis
snmp-server enable traps module
snmp-server enable traps ospf state-change
snmp-server enable traps ospf errors
snmp-server enable traps config-copy
snmp-server enable traps config
snmp-server enable traps cpu threshold

Interface settings: 

logging event link-status
snmp trap link-status
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